Changuion (pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃ɡɥijɔ̃]) is a surname that originated in the Champagne province in what is now the Marne in the north-east of France.   

The Changuion family possibly took their name from the commune of Champguyon,[1] sometimes spelt Chāguion (see the 1631 map of Champagne below) or Chamguion on old maps, which lies in the Brie region to the north of Esternay.

The place name Champguyon could be derived from the Old French words of "champ" (from Champagne, denoting the geographical region of the place, or champagne land) and "guyon" (meaning a large pine wood).[2] Thus, meaning a large pine wood on champagne land. This would correspond with what can be seen on some ancient maps that show a large forrest in the vicinity the village.

There are superficial similarities between this surname and the surname Sanguin (from the French for "of blood" or "full-blooded").

A map from 1644 of the area of Sezanne, with the commune of Champguyon on the far left of the map, just below the large forest.

It is known that a Professor François Changuion was lecturing in the anatomy department of the University of Paris in 1416. There are also mentions of Changuions residing in Toulouse in the early 1500s.[1]

One of the earliest written historical mentions of the surname dates from 1562. A Pierre Changuion was named as one of a group of Protestants that were attacked on 1 March 1562 during a church service in Wassy by Roman Catholic troops of the Duke of Guise.  His house, which was next to the barn where the church service was held, was completely ransacked.[2] This Pierre was to become the ancestor of the Dutch branches and the South African branch of the Changuion family.